Multicylinder internal-combustion engine of the horizontal type.



I. G. NYBORG.

MULTICYLINDER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE OF THE HORIZONTAL TYPE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 25. I9I4.

Patented Nov. 23, 1915.

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2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

T. G. NYBORG. NIULTICYLINDER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE OF THE HORIZONTAL TYPE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 25. I9I4.

Patented Nov. 23, 1915.

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2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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' MULTICYLINDER INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Specification of Letters Patent.

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Application filed February 25,1914. Serial No. 820,844..

To all whom it may concern:

valve automatically closing the valve ad'- 'of said central shaft and the piston rods of the; cylinders being connected to inclined crank disks mounted around inclined cranks on said central shaft in gimbals or the like and co-acting with the cranks. to rotate the shaft, and the invention has for its object to provide an improved arrangement of the air-pumps n such engines'and, in comblnation therewith, simple and improved means for starting and reversing the engine.

According to this invention I arrange the cylinders of the high and low pressure air-. pumps around the central shaft'in a similar fashion, and at the opposite sides of the. inclined crank disks, to the engine'cylinders, and I connect the piston rods of-said airpumps to said crank disks so that the pistons of the air-pumps are driven thereby, the admission and-emission of air to and,

p from the cylinders of said low pressure airpump's being controlled by a rotary 1 valve mounted' on and rotated by said central shaft. In combination with this arrangement of the air-pumps I provide means for starting the engine comprising a valve adapted to admit compressed air to the air supply chamber of the low-pressure airpumps, the opening of said compressed air mitting atmospheric air to said air supply chamber, so that the-engine is run by the admission of compressed air, controlled by said rotary valve, to the cylinders of the low-pressure air-pumps, which compressed of said air-pumps, drives the inclined crank disk until the engine attains sufficient speed to be run by the engine cylinders, and I also provide means whereby the rotary valve the line WW 'of :the central shaft.

controlling the admission'and emission of a1r to and from the cylinders of the lowpressure air-pumps may be rotated 180 to reverse the engine.

I will fully describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein of an eight cylinder horizontal internal combustion engine of the type referred to and embodying my invention; Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are sections on the linesX-X, YY and 'Z.' Z respectively in Fig. 1 looking to the right in each case; and Fig. 5 is a perspective View, to a -larger scale, of the rotary valve hereinafter more particularly" described. I ig. 6 is a sectional view taken on of Fig. 1 looking to the right.

Referring comprises ,eight cylinders 11 arranged around a central horizontal shaft 2, the axes of said cylinders being parallel to the axis Each cylinder 1 is provided with an injection valve 3 and with inlet ports 4-4 and exhaust ports 55, and the piston rods 6-6 of the cylinders are-connecte to inclined crank disks 7, 7 mounted aroundinclined' cranks 8, 8 on the Patented Not. as, 19115. I

to the drawings, the engine central shaft 2. The crank disks 7, 7 are.

pivoted to gimbals 9, 9 which in turn are,

pivoted to the outer casing of the engine,

the pivotsof the disks being at right angles to the pivots of the gimbals. The disks 7, 7 are osc llated about the inclined cranks 8, 8 by the piston rods 6-6 and co-act with said cranks to-cause the same and the central shaft 2 to rotate. I y

A ccording'to the embodiment of this 1nvention illustrated, I arrange the cylinders 10 10 of the high pressure air-pumps around the central shaft 2 so that the axes offsaid cylinders are parallel to the central shaft in a similar fashion to the cylinders 11 of thccngine, but: at the opposite side of the right-hand inclined crank disk 7 ,and

Ialso similarly arrange the cylinders l1-11 Of the low pressure air-pumps at the oppoair, acting upon the pistons and piston rods l lsite sid to the engine cylinders 1, 1 of the left-hand inclined crank disk 7 The cylin- I:

and of a... air-Pumps,

are provided with pistons 12-12' and 13-43 and piston rods I l-14 and 15-15 as usual,-

60 v Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section and said piston rods are suitably connected to the inclined crank disks 7, 7 so that, when the engine is running the air-pumps are directly driven from the inclined crank disks. The air pumps are preferably so disposed that their piston rods are connected to the inclined crank disks so as to be spaced alternately with the engine piston rods but on opposite sides of said crank disks. Air at atmospheric pressure is admitted to the cylinders 11-11 of the low pressure airpumps from an air supply chamber 16, the admission being controlled by a rotary valve 17 mounted on a sleeve 18 on and driven by the central shaft 2 of the engine. The rotary valve 17 is constituted, as shownbest in Fig. 5, by two semicircular disks 19, 19 connected at their ends by members 20, 20 so as to form two compartments around the sleeve 18, one opening into the air supply chamber 16 and the other into an annular compressed-air chest 21, as shown in Fig. 1, each compartment also 3 communicating through the ports 2222 with the cylinders 11-11 of the low pressure air-pumps.

The air supply chamber 16 is'p'rovided with an air-inlet valve such as 23 adapted to be automatically opened to admit air from the atmosphere by the suction of the airpumps. The low pressure air-pumps, under the control of the rotary valve 17, deliver compressed air to the compressed-air chest 21 from whence it flows through ports 2121 and pipes 2525 to the inlet ports 4-4 of the engine cylinders. The cylinders 10 of the high pressure air-pumps are provided with atmospheric air-inlet valves 2626 and delivery valves 2727. The compressed air from the cylinders 1010 of the high pressure air-pumps is led by pipes 2828 to the injection valves 33 of the engine cylinders for the purpose of vaporizing the fuel as usual, said fuel being led from a suitable source of supply to the injection valves 33 by pipes 2929. If desired the compressed air from the high pressure air-pumps, or a portion of it, may be led to a storage reservoir.

For starting the engine I provide, in combination with the above described arrangement. of the air-pumps, a valve 30 controlled by a. lever 31 andadapted to admit compressed air from a suitable reservoir or supply to the air supply chamber 16. \Vhen it is desired to start the engine, the lever 31 controlling the compressed air admission valve 30 is operated to open the valve to 1 supply compressed air to the air supply chamber 16 of the low pressure air-pumps. The pressure of the compressed air in the chamber 16 immediately closes the atmospheric air-inlet valve 23, and, under controlof the rotary valve 17, acts upon the pistons 13-13 in thecylinders 11l1 of the low pressure air-pumps to operate same after the manner of a compressed-air engine to drive the left-hand inclined crank disk 7 through their piston rods 15 and thus start the engine, the compressed air, after acting upon the pistons of the low pressure air-pumps, passing through the compressed-air chest 21, ports 2l1l pipes 25, the engine cylinder inlet ports .-l and the engine cylinders to the exhaust ports 5-5. \Vhen the engine has been run by the compressed air for a few revolutions, sufficient speed will be attained to run the engine by the engine cvlinders in the normal way. The compressed air admission valve is then closed, and the suction of the low pressure air-pumps draws air into the air supply chamber 16 through the atmospheric air-inlet valve 23 to feed the low pressure air-pumps.

It will be seen that, while the engine is starting. the compressed air is allowed to pass through the low pressure air-pumps into the engine cylinders to charge same with pure air so that fuel can be admitted to the cylinders directly the engine has started, and the supply of compressed air can be gradually cut off from the engine as the airpumps take up their normal work of supplying the engine cylinders with charges of pure air. \Vhen the engine is not to be run on the Diesel principle, a carbureter will be arranged in conjunction with the atmospheric air-inlet valve 23 so that explosive mixture is normally drawn in by the low pressure air pumps and delivered through the air chest 21 to the inlet ports l1t of the engine cylinders. The change over from running on compressed air alone to running in the normal fashion is a gradual change. Vith my improved method of starting, it is possible to start the engine on full load.

For reversing the engine I provide reversing means for rotating through 180 the rotary valve 17 which controls the air admission and emission to and from the cylinders 1111 of the low pressure air-pumps. The sleeve 18 of the rotary valve 17 is provided with a semi-circular groove 32. as shown best in Fig. 2, with which a key 33 on the central shaft 2 co-acts to rotate the rotary valve. The sleeve 18 is also provided with teeth 3-1 adapted to co-act with fixed pinions 35, 35 suitably mounted on the end wall 36 of an annular box or casmg 37 inclosing the reversing means. The fixed pinions 35, 35 also engage with teeth 38 upon the inner surface of a ring 39 mounted in the annular box or casing 37 and free to rotate therein. The toothed ring 39 is rotated by pinions 10, 40 provided on a sleeve 41 freely mounted on the central shaft 2 and provided with a suitable lever 42 or the like whereby it may be rotated. said pinions 10, 40 forming the coupling between a toothed wheel 43 mounted on and keyed to the central shaft 2 of the engine and the toothed ring 39. When the engine is running the rotary valve 17 is driven by the key 33 coacting with one end of the semi-circular groove 32 in the sleeve 18, and the reversing gear or means runs idly. When however it is desired to reverse the engine, the sleeve 41 carrying the pinions 40, 40 is rotated by its lever 42 to rotate the rotary valve 17 through 180 by the pinions f0, 40, toothed ring 39, pinions 35, 35 and teeth 34 to cause the other end of the semi-circular groove 32 in the sleeve 18 to be engaged by the key 33, so that, when the compressed air admission valve is opened to start the engine, the compressed air is admitted to the cylinder of the low pressure air-pumps diametrically opposite to that to which it would have been admitted had the reversing means notbeen operated. and the engine is started in the reverse direction.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A multi-cylinder internal-combustion engine comprising a casing, gimbals mounted transversely in the casing, a shaft disposed longitudinally of the casing and passing through the said gimbals, inclined cranks on said shaft, inclined crank disks mounted around said inclined cranks and pivoted tothe gimbals, a plurality of cylinders arranged around the shaft between the gimbals the axes of said cylinders being parallel with the axis of said shaft, pis

ton rods connected to the inclined crank disks, cylinders of low pressure air pumps arranged around theshaft on the opposite side of one of the gimbals-to that on which the engine cylinders are disposed,the said air pump cylinders being parallel with the axis of the shaft, and pistons in said cylinders connected with their respective crank,

disks.

2. A multi-cylinder internal-combustion engine comprising a casing, gimbals mounted transversely in thecasing, a shaft disposed longitudinally of the casing and passing through the said gimbals, inclined cranks on said shaft, inclined c k disks mounted around said inclined cranks and pivoted to'the gimbals, a plurality of 'cylin ders arranged around the shaft between the gimbals the axes of said cylinders being parallel with the axis of said shaft, rods connected to the inclined crank disks, cylinders of high pressure air pumps arranged around the shaft on the opposite.

side of one of the gimbalscto that on which the engine cylinders are disposed, cylinders of low pressure air pumps arranged around the shaft on the opposite side of the other gimbal to that on which the engine cylinders are disposed, the said air pump cylinders being parallel with the axis of the shaft,

ing through said gimbals,

piston andpistons in said cylinders connected with engine comprising a casing, gimbals mounted transversely in the casing, a shaft disposed longitudinally of the casing and pass inclined cranks on said shaft, inclined crank disks mounted around said inclined cranks and pivoted to the gimbals, a plurality of cylinders arranged around the shaft between the gimbals the axes of said cylinders being parallel with the'axis of said shaft, piston rods connected to the inclined crankdisks, cylinders of high pressure air pumps arranged around the shaft on the opposite side of one of the gimbals to that on which the engine cylinders are disposed, cylinders of low pressure air pumps arranged around the shaftjon the opposite side of the other gimbal' to that on which the engine cylinders are disposed, the said air pump cylinders being parallel with the axis of the shaft, pistons in said cylinders connected with the respective crank disks, a compressed air chamber, a rotary valve on and rotated by said shaft, said valve being disposed between theair chamber and the low pressure air pump cylinders and controlling the admission and emission of compressed air to and from the said cylinders of the low pres- 7 sure air pumps, a passage from the air chamber to'a source of supply of compressed air, a valve in said passage, and a valve in said chamber adapted to be closed by com pressed air in the chamber.

4. A multi-cylinder internal-combustion engine comprising a casing, gimbals mounted transversely in the casing, a shaft disposed longitudinally of the casing and passing through the 1 said gimbals, inclined cranks on said shaft, inclined crank disks mounted around said inclined cranks and pivoted to the gimbals, a plurality of cyl-. inders arranged around the shaft between the gimbals the axes ofsaid cylinders being parallel with the axis of said shaft, piston rods connected to the inclined crank disks, cylinders of high pressure air pumps arranged around the shaft on the opposite side of one of the gimbals to that on which the engine cylinders are disposed,- cylinders of low pressure air pumps arranged around the shaft on the opposite sidepf theother gimbal to that on which the enginecylinders are disposed, the said-air pump cylinders being parallel with the axis of the shaft, pistons in said cylinders connected with their respective crank disks, a compressed air chamber, a rotary valve on and rotated by said shaft said valve being disposed be. tween the air chamber and thelow pressure air pump cylinders and controlling the ad mission andfemission of com ressed air to and from the said cylinders o the low pressure air pumps, a passage from the air name to this specification in the presence of chamber to a source of supply of compressed two subscrlbmg witnesses. air, a valve 1n said passage, and a valve 1n said chamber adapted to be closed by com- TAGE GEORG NYBORG' pressed air in the chamber and means for Witnesses: rotating through 180 the rotary valve. HERBERT HOWARD,

In testimony whereof I have signed my GEORGE FORSTER. 

